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Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
The Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions were paramilitary units (battalions) formed during the occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany between 1941 and 1944. Similar units, known as ''Schutzmannschaft-Bataillonen'', were organized in other German-occupied territories of Eastern Europe. In Lithuania, the first battalions originated from units formed during the anti-Soviet Uprising of June 1941. Lithuanian activists hoped that these units would become the basis for the reestablished Lithuanian Army. Instead, these units were absorbed into the German military apparatus and aided German forces: guarded strategic objects, engaged in anti-partisan operations, participated in the Holocaust. The 12th and the 13th battalions, tracing their roots from the Tautinio darbo apsaugos batalionas (TDA), were particularly active in the executions of the Jews and were responsible for estimated 78,000 Jewish deaths in Lithuania and Belarus. While the battalions were often deployed outside of Lithuania, they generally did not participate in combat. In total, 26 battalions were formed and approximately 13,000 men served in them.〔Anušauskas, et al. (2005), p. 232〕 In July–September, 1944, the remaining units were combined into two Lithuanian Volunteer Infantry Regiments.〔Stoliarovas (2008a), p. 16〕
==Terminology==
The units are known under a number of different names. German documents referred to them as ''Ordnungsdienst'' (order service), ''Selbstschutz'' (self-defense), ''Hilfspolizei'' (auxiliary police).〔Bubnys (1998a)〕 From September 1941, they became known as ''Schutzmannschaft-Bataillonen'' (abbreviated ''Schuma''; police team). In Lithuanian, the police battalions were known as ''savisaugos batalionai'' (self-defense battalions), ''apsaugos dalys'' (security units), ''Lietuvos apsaugos dalys'' (LAD, security units of Lithuania).〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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